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Defense/Military

Indonesia Expels Chinese Coast Guard Vessel in Natuna Sea Waters Three Times

On October 21, Indonesia reported that China’s Coast Guard ship 5402 entered the northern waters of the Natuna Sea without permission on three occasions, disrupting seismic survey activities conducted by a unit under Indonesia’s state-owned oil and gas company in the area. Indonesian authorities communicated with the Chinese vessel via radio. The Chinese side insisted that the waters it entered were under Chinese jurisdiction. In the end, Indonesia deployed a patrol plane and patrol ship to expel the Chinese vessel.

The same Chinese vessel entered the waters again on October 23 and was expelled by Indonesia.

On October 24th, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian responded to the incidents, stating that the Chinese Coast Guard vessel was patrolling within waters under Chinese jurisdiction. Lin said that China is willing to strengthen communication and consultations with Indonesia through diplomatic channels to properly handle maritime issues between the two countries.

On the next day, October 25, the same Chinese vessel entered the waters again. And again, Indonesia expelled it.

Source: Lianhe Zaobao, October 27, 2024
https://www.zaobao.com.sg/news/sea/story20241027-5254193

Xi Jinping Inspects Rocket Force Unit, Emphasizes Combat Readiness and Party Leadership

Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, inspected a Rocket Force unit on the 17th, emphasizing the need to strengthen crisis awareness and combat readiness.

During his visit to a Rocket Force brigade in Hefei, Xi observed weapons equipment demonstrations and troop training exercises. In his remarks, Xi stressed maintaining absolute Party leadership over the military and ensuring troops follow orders from the Party Central Committee and Central Military Commission.

He also emphasized strengthening grass-roots Party organizations, investigating and dealing with corruption issues, enhancing combat preparedness and operational capabilities, and adapting to modern warfare changes by focusing on new equipment, skills, and tactics.

The visit came shortly after China’s “Joint Sword-2024B” military exercises near Taiwan on the 14th, and following Xi’s inspection of Dongshan Island in Fujian province, a location with historical military significance in cross-strait relations. Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission Zhang Youxia accompanied the inspection. The timing of these visits – to Dongshan Island and then the Rocket Force – appears significant given recent military activities in the region.

Source: Central News Agency (Taiwan), October 19, 2024
https://www.cna.com.tw/news/acn/202410190145.aspx

China Prepares for Future Conflicts Starting with Children’s Education

China is intensifying its national defense education, starting from primary school through university, according to a recent report by French newspaper Libération. This move aims to instill discipline and patriotism in the younger generation, preparing them for potential future conflicts.

The revised national defense education law introduces a tiered approach:

– Primary school students will receive basic defense awareness
– Middle school students will learn fundamental knowledge and skills
– High school and university students will undergo mandatory military training

The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) will collaborate with the education department to conduct military drills, including shooting exercises, in high schools and universities. PLA branches are set to establish a presence in educational institutions across the country.

Reports indicate that some schools in Guangxi and Fujian provinces have already organized exercises using automatic rifles and rocket launchers. Even kindergarteners are being exposed to military culture through visits to army camps.

Universities are taking it a step further by conducting practical training with advanced equipment like drones and rocket launchers. The government is actively encouraging graduates in fields such as chemistry, missile technology, radar, and weapons engineering to join the PLA.

While China maintains a largely voluntary conscription system, this new approach mirrors the public military education systems seen in Russia and North Korea, incorporating mandatory training.

These developments, along with the PLA’s new recruitment guidelines adopted in May 2023, suggest that Xi Jinping’s regime is focusing on “preparing for war.” The national defense education reform is part of a broader strategy, which includes recent laws on anti-espionage and foreign investment, demonstrating Beijing’s comprehensive approach to addressing potential security threats.

Source: Radio France International, September 24, 2024
https://rfi.my/Az9e

Lianhe Zaobao: The Philippines Does Not Plan to Withdraw U.S. Typhon Missiles

According to Singapore’s primary Chinese language newspaper Lianhe Zaobao, Philippine International Security Advisor Eduardo Ano stated that The Philippines currently has no plans to withdraw the Typhon medium-range missile system deployed by the United States in the northern Philippines. He said the Philippine authorities plan to purchase medium-range missiles in the future and currently use the Typhon system for military training. Reuters also reported earlier that, although China clearly opposes the deployment of intermediate-range missile systems by the United States in the Philippines, the U.S. currently has no plans to immediately remove the Typhon system. Ano said there is no specific timetable, and the decision will be made by a panel of officials from the Philippines and the United States.

Satellite images show the Typhon system stays at Laoag International Airport in Ilocos Province, northern Philippines, close to the Taiwan Strait and facing the South China Sea. Ano said “we need to understand how to operate the system because we intend to purchase this type of equipment in the future.” China’s Foreign Ministry expressed serious concern earlier over the Philippines’ plan to maintain the Typhon system. Ano responded that: “we know what is in the best interests of the country and therefore no one has the right to dictate to us, especially when it comes to the deployment of missile launchers.”

In April, the US military deployed the latest land-based Typhon Weapons System the Philippines for military exercises with the Philippines. The system can be equipped with the Standard 6 Supersonic Missile with a range of 450 kilometers as well as the Tomahawk cruise missile with a maximum range of over 1,600 kilometers, which is enough to hit targets in China.

Source: Lianhe Zaobao, September 20, 2024
https://www.zaobao.com.sg/realtime/world/story20240920-4796861

China’s J-10C Fighter Jet Struggles in International Market Despite Low Price

China’s domestically developed J-10C fighter jet is underperforming in international sales, with even close allies like Serbia opting to purchase other jets such as the French Rafale fighters instead. South Korean media analysis suggests that, compared to the American-made F-16 and the French Rafale, the J-10C has a lower weapons payload capacity and less reliable jet engines, making it less attractive despite costing only a quarter of the price.

Serbia, considered China’s “iron friend” and a buyer of Chinese weapons, recently signed a €2.7 billion contract for 12 Rafale fighters. This decision by Serbian military leadership came after China’s attempt at selling J-10C jets to Serbia. The Korean media report suggested that, while the J-10C features modern equipment like AESA radar, it lacks combat experience and has a lower weapons payload compared to its competitors.

The J-10C’s Chinese-made WS-10 engine still faces issues with sustained power output and fuel efficiency. Political factors may have also influenced Serbia’s decision, as the country is now seeking to align more closely with the EU.

Thailand, which routinely conducts joint air force exercises with China, chose the Swedish JAS-39 Gripen fighters over the J-10C.

Currently, Pakistan is the only confirmed international customer for the J-10C, having ordered 36 aircraft. Recent reports suggest that Egypt may become the second international buyer of the J-10C.

Source: Central News Agency (Taiwan), September 9, 2024
https://www.cna.com.tw/news/acn/202409090194.aspx

Xinhua: Starlink Helps US Navy Increase Internet Speed Twentyfold

Xinhua recently reported that the U.S. Navy will soon begin the full-scale deployment of SpaceX’s Starlink satellites. This will provide high-speed internet connections to all its bases and ships. Satellite internet connectivity is expected to facilitate naval operational improvements. Currently the U.S. Navy uses Department of Defense satellites for connectivity. However, the six geostationary satellites for Internet access provide slow connection speeds. To achieve faster speeds, the U.S. Navy recently began using Starlink and Britain’s Eutelsat OneWeb. Low-Earth orbit satellites can improve the Navy’s connectivity capabilities, with on-ship speeds expected to reach about 1Gbps. This new capability is called Sailor Edge Afloat and Ashore (SEA2) by the U.S. Department of Defense. SEA2 operates 20 times faster than any other satellite before. It’s worth noting that SEA2 received the cybersecurity certification that has never been issued to such services before. Rob Wolborsky, Chief Engineer at U.S. Information Warfare Systems Command, stated that “this is a once-in-a-lifetime transition, and we’re working to deliver it to the fleets as quickly and aggressively as possible.”

During the COVID-19 period, the U.S. Navy recognized the need for increased connectivity. Due to pandemic-era restrictions, ships were not allowed to dock in many ports across the globe, cutting them off from the rest of the world. The U.S. Navy is likely to receive Starlink access through the StarShield program, which was established under a contract signed last year between the Department of Defense and SpaceX to provide satellite Internet connections to the U.S. Armed Forces.

Source: Xinhua, September 5, 2024
http://www.xinhuanet.com/milpro/20240905/dc67d657e8ba43bd80fb5955475ffd5e/c.html

China Revises Military Personnel Benefits Regulations for 2024 Implementation

China’s State Council and Central Military Commission have announced revised “Regulations on Preferential Treatment for Military Personnel,” effective October 1, 2024. The new regulations aim “to ensure state support for military personnel, inspire their dedication to defending and building the country, strengthen national defense and military modernization, and make military service a respected profession.”

Key revisions include:

1. Emphasis on “Communist Party leadership” and establishment of principles for military personnel benefits. The benefits are to “balance treatment with contribution, spiritual with material rewards, and care with service.”

2. Adaptation to new national defense and military requirements via “clarification of benefit recipients, of management systems, and of financial responsibilities between central and local governments.”

3. Enhancement of support measures for military personnel: ensuring access to social security, public services, and appropriate benefits. This includes increasing compensation for families of honored deceased personnel and inviting beneficiaries to major ceremonial events.

4. Improvement of service procedures and capabilities: improved processes for one-time compensation payments as well as refinement of disability rating assessments.

The revised regulations stress the importance of “dynamically adjusting benefit standards to align with economic and social development and military needs.” They also “establish care and assistance mechanisms, particularly for beneficiaries facing special difficulties.”

Source: Radio France International, August 13, 2024
https://rfi.my/As8X

China Launches Qianfan Satellites, Advancing in Space Race and Challenging Starlink

China successfully launched the first group of satellites for its “Qianfan” low-Earth orbit internet constellation using a Long March 6 rocket. This project, managed by the state-owned Shanghai Yuxin Satellite Technology Co., aims to launch 108 satellites this year.

The Qianfan constellation is China’s attempt to compete with SpaceX’s Starlink project, which has launched about 5,500 satellites providing global internet coverage. Low-Earth orbit satellites, operating between 300-2,000 km altitude, are cheaper and more efficient than higher orbit satellites.

These satellites have strategic significance, as demonstrated by Starlink’s crucial communication role in the Russia-Ukraine war. Chinese military-affiliated media have published editorials claiming Starlink threatens China’s interests and represents U.S. attempts to establish space military dominance.

China has made significant strides in the space race recently. Besides the Qianfan launch, the Chang’e-6 mission successfully returned samples from the far side of the moon. In 2022, China sent three astronauts to its Tiangong space station for a six-month mission. With the International Space Station expected to retire in 2031, Tiangong will become the only space station in orbit.

Source: Radio Free Asia, August 6, 2024
https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/kejiaowen/tj8-china-launches-sattellites-08062024125506.html