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Briefings - 6. page

AI Concentration Seen Deepening China’s Urban Divide

Nomura’s chief China economist Lu Ting warned that artificial intelligence development, heavily concentrated in a handful of major cities, will worsen the “K-shaped” divergence already emerging between China’s largest cities and smaller ones amid a prolonged property downturn.

Speaking at a media briefing, Lu noted that while AI is driving K-shaped economic divergence globally—benefiting capital owners and highly skilled workers while threatening many mid-to-low-end white-collar jobs—China’s situation is compounded by five years of negative growth in real estate investment, which turned negative in 2022 and has remained so since, though cities like Shanghai and Hangzhou have recently shown signs of stabilizing.

Lu explained that lower-tier cities saw steeper home price declines, hitting lower-income residents and migrant workers hardest. As major cities relaxed home purchase restrictions, wealth and talent have increasingly concentrated in top-tier cities, deepening regional divergence.

He said AI development is concentrated in cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou, with extremely high barriers in large models and chip design and manufacturing making it unlikely smaller cities will benefit, unlike the export boom from electric vehicles, batteries, and solar panels that lifted cities such as Ningde and Changzhou. AI-driven prosperity is unlikely to spread to lower-tier cities and could instead displace white-collar jobs there.

This worsening divergence also undermines China’s push to boost domestic consumption, as wealth concentration among a small population and few cities limits demand growth.

Lu urged the government to avoid blind optimism about AI, support region-specific AI development so smaller cities can share in the benefits, strengthen the social safety net, and moderate the pace of technologies like autonomous driving that threaten blue-collar jobs.

Source: Central News Agency (Taiwan), June 14, 2026
https://www.cna.com.tw/news/acn/202606140068.aspx

China’s Government Debt Surpasses 100 Trillion Yuan

According to the latest data from the People’s Bank of China, the country’s outstanding government debt reached 100.6 trillion yuan (US$14 trillion) at the end of May 2026, surpassing the 100 trillion yuan mark for the first time.

Official figures show that China’s government debt balance stood at 46.55 trillion yuan at the end of 2020 and rose to 92.6 trillion yuan by the end of 2024. The latest figure represents an increase of more than 100 percent in just over five years.

Analysts attribute the rapid growth primarily to Beijing’s efforts to counter economic slowdown through expansionary fiscal policies. In recent years, authorities have increased government borrowing to fund infrastructure, public welfare, and other major projects. At the same time, local governments have issued large volumes of bonds to replace off-balance-sheet liabilities, bringing previously hidden debt onto official balance sheets and contributing to the sharp rise in reported government debt.

Some analysts caution that the true level of government-related debt may be substantially higher, since the official figures do not fully capture all local government financing vehicles, contingent liabilities, and other off-balance-sheet obligations.

Source: Lianhe Zaobao, June 14, 2026
https://www.zaobao.com.sg/finance/china/story20260614-9204091

Japan’s Pro-Taiwan Parliamentary Group Renames Itself to Emphasize “Taiwan”

On June 11, Japan’s bipartisan parliamentary group supporting ties with Taiwan formally voted to change its name from the Japan–ROC Diet Members’ Consultative Council (Nikkan Kon) to the Japan–Taiwan Diet Members’ Consultative Council. (Note: the original name in Chinese is “日華(Japan-China)” where 華 means China and traditionally associated with the Republic of China (ROC); the new name is “日台(Japan-Taiwan).”

Group chairman and House of Representatives member Keiji Furuya said the organization had operated under its previous name for 53 years. He noted that both governments had already been using the term “Taiwan” for the past decade. In 2017, Japan renamed its official representative organization in Taiwan the “Japan–Taiwan Exchange Association,” while Taiwan renamed its counterpart the “Taiwan–Japan Relations Association.” Lawmakers had long discussed adopting a similar change. Following the inauguration of Taiwan President Ko Shi-cheng’s administration, the group concluded that the timing was appropriate to proceed with the renaming.

The organization currently has 321 members, making it one of the largest and most influential parliamentary groups promoting Japan–Taiwan relations within Japan’s National Diet (the national legislative body).

Source: Central News Agency (Taiwan), June 11, 2026
https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202606110338.aspx

Philippines Protests Chinese Floating Structure Near Scarborough Shoal

Satellite imagery obtained by Reuters and published on June 5 showed the presence of a floating structure near the entrance to the lagoon at Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea. The shoal, an important fishing ground located about 200 kilometers west of the Philippines and approximately 874 kilometers from China’s Hainan Island, is claimed by both countries. China has maintained a regular presence of coast guard and maritime militia vessels in the area since gaining effective control of the shoal in 2012.

On June 8, Philippine Armed Forces Chief of Staff General Romeo Brawner Jr. revealed that a mobile floating structure measuring approximately six by six meters had been detected inside the lagoon. According to Brawner, the structure appeared to be equipped with antennas and was occupied by six individuals. The Philippine military deployed aircraft to monitor the site and announced plans to continue aerial and maritime surveillance to determine the structure’s purpose.

The Philippine government responded by filing a diplomatic protest through the Department of Foreign Affairs and consulting with allied and partner countries. Philippine officials expressed concern that any activity leading to the construction of permanent facilities at Scarborough Shoal could mirror developments at other disputed features that China later transformed into artificial islands.

On June 9, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian defended the activity, stating that Scarborough Shoal is “China’s inherent territory” and that China has “indisputable sovereignty” over the shoal and its surrounding waters. He said that activities conducted by China in the area, including scientific research, were legitimate exercises of sovereign rights and urged the Philippines to cease “maritime provocations and political hype.”

Source: Radio France International, June 9, 2026
https://www.rfi.fr/cn/国际/20260609-菲武装部队总参谋长证实黄岩岛发现载人漂浮结构-菲外交部向北京采取外交行动

Controversies Follow South Korea’s 2026 Local Elections: Allegations of Chinese Involvement in Policing

South Korea held its ninth nationwide local elections and parliamentary by-elections on June 3, 2026. However, voting was disrupted at multiple polling stations after ballot shortages were reported in Seoul and other regions. According to reports, 67 polling stations required emergency ballot deliveries, while voting was temporarily suspended at 22 locations. Some voters reportedly waited for hours without being able to cast their ballots.

The election was followed by a series of allegations circulating online. Videos and social media posts purportedly showed election workers opening ballot boxes and inserting additional ballots, ballots being discarded without being counted, and police removing evidence related to election complaints. Protests subsequently broke out in several areas, leading to confrontations between demonstrators and police.

Separately, online speculation emerged over the identities of some police officers deployed at protest sites. Some social media users claimed that certain officers displayed unusual name tags or appearances and suggested that individuals of Chinese nationality may have participated in security operations.

The claims gained further attention after a Facebook user identified as “James Jseng” alleged the existence of “Foreign Self-Governance Patrol Teams,” community volunteer groups that cooperate with local police. According to the post, these groups were first established in Seoul in 2009 and later expanded nationwide, with ethnic Korean Chinese residents from China making 80 percent of the team, but t he official publicity materials rarely feature Chinese members.

Additional online videos claimed that a name displayed on an officer’s name tag could not be found in police personnel records when citizens inquired with authorities.

However, South Korea’s National Police Agency issued a statement on June 8 stating that all personnel involved in election-related security operations were South Korean police officers and denying allegations that foreign nationals had served in policing roles.

Sources:
1. Secret China, June 8, 2026
https://www.secretchina.com/news/gb/2026/06/08/1100203.html
2. Yahoo (Taiwan), June 9, 2026
https://tw.news.yahoo.com/韓國選票短缺抗議現場真有中國公安-韓媒事實查核給答案了-162541757.html

KMT Chair Cheng Li-wun Unable to Meet U.S. National Security Council Officials During Washington Visit

During Kuomintang (KMT) Chair Cheng Li-wun’s visit to Washington, D.C., local media reported that a planned meeting with U.S. National Security Council (NSC) officials was first downgraded and later canceled without a public explanation. According to the reports, Cheng’s delegation had initially been expected to meet NSC officials at the White House on June 10. The meeting was later moved to the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) headquarters in Washington and downgraded to a lower-level NSC representative before being canceled altogether.

Washington observers suggested the cancellations may have been linked to Cheng’s recent remarks criticizing U.S.-Taiwan arms sales and describing First Island Chain security cooperation as a “Cold War mentality.” Some analysts argued that such comments raised concerns among U.S. officials because they echoed narratives frequently promoted by Beijing. The KMT has also questioned the proposed NT$1.25 trillion (US$40 billion) special defense budget and raised allegations of corruptions in U.S. proposed arms sales.

The reported cancellations drew attention because, under past practice, visiting Taiwanese political leaders have often met with senior NSC officials and AIT representatives during trips to Washington.

Source: Liberty Times (Taiwan), June 11, 2026
https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/5468674

Reports Highlight Oversupply of Delivery Riders and Ride-Hailing Drivers in China

Chinese media outlets, including Phoenix News and East Finance, reported that China’s delivery sector is facing a growing oversupply of workers. Industry estimates suggest that nearly 20 million people are now working as delivery riders nationwide, while only about 4 million experienced riders are needed for the current average of 110 million daily orders.

The oversupply has contributed to falling incomes. In Shanghai, some riders reportedly saw monthly earnings decline from around 15,000 yuan (US$2,100) to 12,000 yuan (US$1,700), while average daily orders fell by roughly 20. In Beijing, daily deliveries dropped from 35 orders in 2020 to 20 today, even as working hours increased. Delivery fees have also fallen sharply, with some short-distance orders paying less than 2 yuan.

Similar pressures are emerging in the ride-hailing sector. On May 31, Shenzhen transportation authorities warned that the city’s ride-hailing market had become saturated, with drivers averaging only about 13 trips per day. Authorities advised prospective drivers to carefully consider the risks before entering the industry. One Shenzhen ride-hailing driver said in a video that after deducting vehicle rental costs and traffic fines, he earned only about 5,000 yuan (US$700) per month despite working up to 16 hours a day.

Reports noted that growing numbers of unemployed and downwardly mobile middle-class workers have entered the delivery and ride-hailing sectors as traditional employment opportunities become harder to find.

Source: Epoch Times, June 1, 2026
https://www.epochtimes.com/gb/26/6/1/n14779387.htm

The Eighth China–U.S. Sister Cities Conference Held in San Francisco

The Eighth China–U.S. Sister Cities Conference was held in San Francisco on June 5 under the theme “Working Together to Promote High-Quality Development of China–U.S. Cities.”

People’s Daily described the event as an important bilateral dialogue following the recent meeting between Trump and Xi Jinping in Beijing. The conference brought together more than 150 representatives from 15 Chinese provincial-level regions and 12 cities, as well as 160 representatives from 21 U.S. states and 36 cities.

Participants exchanged views on green development and urban governance, culture and tourism, and education and youth engagement. During the conference, Chinese and U.S. cities signed five cooperation agreements and showcased 31 collaborative projects covering sister-city partnerships, cultural and tourism exchanges, and youth programs.

Analysts have been pointed out that the Chinese Communist Party’s United Front Work Department has used subnational exchange programs, including sister-city and sister-province relationships, to expand political influence and cultivate local networks within the United States.

Source: People’s Daily, June 8, 2026
https://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/pc/content/202606/08/content_30161744.html