According to the directive, if a spouse is the only child, the spouse may have two children.  This change to the two-child policy will, among other things: 

(1) “Help to sustain healthy economic development. At present, China’s low birth rate has declined steadily; the total working-age population for 15 to 59 year old has been decreasing; the average age of the labor force continues to increase. The aging of China’s population has been accelerating and the aging trend is obvious.” 

(2) “Help to bring family happiness and social harmony. In recent years, with structural diversification, the family size has been shrinking; one-child families and elderly people living alone are on the rise; births, support to the elderly, and other basic functions of the family have been weakened.” 

(3) “Help to promote the balanced long-term development of the population. In the early 1990s, China became one of the low birth rate countries. With economic and social development, improvement in the level of urbanization, and a change in the public attitude toward childbearing, women now have fewer total births.” 

Source: Xinhua, December 30, 2014 

http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2013-12/30/c_118770640.htm

Professor Shen Zhuanghai from Wuhan University and Professor Huang Zhijian from the National Publicity Cadre Institute gave lectures on the subject. 

Xi said that to enhance national cultural soft power, [we] should strive to spread the values of contemporary China, namely, the values of socialism with Chinese characteristics and strive to increase China’s international discourse power. 

The Party’s notice announcing the Work Plan stated, “Moving forward with the establishment of a system to punish and prevent corruption is an important implementation of the Party’s 18th Congress and its 3rd Plenary Session. It is a major political task of the Party and the common responsibility of the whole society. … The Work Plan is an important basis that will guide the clean government and anti-corruption campaigns for the next five years.” 

The Work Plan states, “[We must] uphold that there should be no exception before the law of the country and the discipline of the Party, no matter who it is and no matter how high his rank. As long as the law of the country or the discipline of the Party is violated, [we] must conduct a thorough investigation to track it down all the way and will absolutely not tolerate it.” 

The work plan also stated that if the problems of corruption are not handled properly, “they will critically harm the Party, and even lead the Party or nation to perish." 

Source: Xinhua reprinted by People’s Daily, December 26, 2013 

http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/1226/c1001-23947118.html

China Review News (CRN) recently reported that Li Dongsheng, Chief of the Central Leading Group of Cult Prevention and Handling (also known as the "610 Office"), and Deputy Minister of Public Safety, is currently under investigation for “severe violation of Party discipline and the law.” Li has been a long-term senior political news reporter. He served as Deputy Director of Chinese Central Television (CCTV) and Deputy Director of the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee. Li is the second “Minister-Level” official to have been investigated in the last few months. It is widely believed that this is a clear signal of a deepened anti-corruption investigation into the Party’s Politics and Legislative Affairs Committee. [Editor’s note: The 610 Office is a nationally organized governmental structure that violates human rights. It is considered the primary operational system that persecutes religious movements such as underground Christian Churches, Tibetan Buddhists, and Falun Gong. The "610 Office" has been mentioned in multiple reports published by the U.S. Congressional-Executive Commission  on China (CECC), as well as by the United Nations. The name derived from the fact that it was formed on June 10, 1999, for the specific purpose of eliminating Falun Gong. In 2003, its mission expanded to include other religious groups.]

Source: China Review News, December 21, 2013.

http://hk.crntt.com/doc/1029/3/6/7/102936729.html?coluid=151&kindid=0&docid=102936729&mdate=1221112036